Uso de antimicrobianos no tratamento da neutropenia febril em pacientes pediátricos em um hospital de ensino

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30968/rbfhss.2023.144.0903

Resumo

Objetivos: avaliar a utilização de antimicrobianos para o tratamento de neutropenia febril em pacientes pediátricos. Métodos: estudo transversal, retrospectivo e observacional, realizado nas unidades de pediatria de um hospital de ensino, de grande porte, com atenção de média e alta complexidade. Foram incluídos no estudo todos os pacientes com idade entre 28 dias e 17 anos, 11 meses e 29 dias, que apresentaram neutropenia febril e iniciaram algum antimicrobiano venoso no período de janeiro de 2022 a junho de 2022. Os dados foram coletados através dos sistemas disponíveis e foram comparados com o protocolo clínico setorial. Resultados: foram incluídos no estudo 40 pacientes, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino e com mediana de idade de 8 anos. Foram encontrados 70 episódios de neutropenia, sendo que 57% estavam em desacordo com o protocolo. As inadequações mais comuns foram o uso de antimicrobianos por tempo superior ao necessário, seguido de descalonamento não realizado após resultado de cultura disponível e antimicrobiano substituído de forma incorreta. Dos antimicrobianos usados, o mais prevalente foi o cefepime, e dos antifúngicos, foi a micafungina. As doses prescritas estavam de acordo com o protocolo, exceto em oito prescrições de dose de ataque de polimixina e uma de teicoplanina. As hemoculturas foram positivas em 25,7% dos casos e os microorganismos mais encontrados foram Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus e Staphylococcus hominis. Conclusão: foram verificadas altas taxas de não conformidade no uso de antimicrobianos para tratamento da neutropenia febril com o protocolo clínico setorial, apesar de a maioria das prescrições seguir o recomendado quando se tratava do início de tratamento. É imprescindível a adequação das prescrições ao protocolo institucional para que o paciente receba um tratamento eficaz e seguro, evitando a ocorrência de resistência bacteriana pelo uso inadequado dos medicamentos.

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Publicado

2024-01-08

Como Citar

1.
LIMA CS, SILVEIRA LP, ALVES SR, MENEZES RR, CHEMELLO C. Uso de antimicrobianos no tratamento da neutropenia febril em pacientes pediátricos em um hospital de ensino. Rev Bras Farm Hosp Serv Saude [Internet]. 8º de janeiro de 2024 [citado 16º de julho de 2024];14(4):903. Disponível em: https://rbfhss.org.br/sbrafh/article/view/903

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